GCSE Astronomy

What Makes Shadows on the Moon?



A close-up view of the Moon's surface. The bottom of the image is in shadow.


The Changing Moon

You can use the Liverpool Telescope to observe features on the Moon’s surface. This is because the telescope has a field of view that shows small areas of the sky in lots of detail.



The Moon at Waning and Waxing gibbous phases.


Explore The Moon's Surface

You have probably seen the Moon in the sky but have you ever studied it in detail?



The surface of the Moon with cartoon rulers and tally-counts


Kepler's Laws: Find the Mass of the Sun

Many years ago, a mathematician named Johannes Kepler created a set of rules explaining planets' movement in our Solar System.



The picture shows a cartoon portrait of Johannes Kepler in front of an artist's impression of the Solar System.


What Is Kepler's Third Law?



This is a cartoon image of Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton with a parchment-like background. A diagram of a planet's orbit is featured in the middle behind the figures. To the right of the figures, is a cartoon of an apple falling.


What Is Kepler's Second Law?



This is a cartoon image of Johannes Kepler with a parchment-like background. A diagram of a planet's orbit is featured in the top right corner.


What is Kepler's First Law?



This is a cartoon image of Johannes Kepler with a parchment-like background. A diagram of a solar system is featured in the top right corner.


What is Gravity?



Planet Earth in space. Three children are standing on the planet. Arrows show the pull of gravity from where they are on the surface into the centre of the Earth.


Create An Expanding Universe

You have likely heard about the Universe expanding. Or that redshift can tell us about the movements of galaxies. Both are difficult ideas to imagine and understand.



Cartoon of a person blowing up a balloon. The balloon is covered with galaxies.


Why Does the Moon Have Phases?

The Moon is the brightest object in the night sky when its whole face is showing. This only happens at full Moon. So why isn't it always a full Moon? 



Left-side: The Moon orbiting the Earth. Top right: Crescent Moon. Bottom right: A month from a calendar.


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